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SMS ''Friedrich der Grosse'' was the second vessel of the of battleships of the German Imperial Navy. ''Friedrich der Grosse''s keel was laid on 26 January 1910 at the AG Vulcan dockyard in Hamburg, her hull was launched on 10 June 1911, and she was commissioned into the fleet on 15 October 1912. The ship was equipped with ten guns in five twin turrets, and had a top speed of . ''Friedrich der Grosse'' was assigned to the III Squadron of the High Seas Fleet for the majority of World War I, and served as fleet flagship from her commissioning until 1917. Along with her four sister ships, , , , and , ''Friedrich der Grosse'' participated in all the major fleet operations of World War I, including the Battle of Jutland on 31 May – 1 June 1916. Toward the center of the German line, ''Friedrich der Grosse'' was not as heavily engaged as the leading German ships, such as the battleships and and the battlecruisers of the I Scouting Group—''Friedrich der Grosse'' emerged from the battle completely unscathed. In 1917, the new battleship replaced ''Friedrich der Grosse'' as the fleet flagship. After Germany's defeat in the war and the signing of the Armistice in November 1918, ''Friedrich der Grosse'' and most of the capital ships of the High Seas Fleet were interned by the British Royal Navy in Scapa Flow. The ships were disarmed and reduced to skeleton crews while the Allied powers negotiated the final version of the Treaty of Versailles. On 21 June 1919, days before the treaty was signed, the commander of the interned fleet, Rear Admiral Ludwig von Reuter, ordered the fleet to be scuttled to ensure that the British would not be able to seize the ships. ''Friedrich der Grosse'' was raised in 1936 and broken up for scrap metal. Her bell was returned to Germany in 1965 and is now located at the Fleet Headquarters in Glücksburg. == Construction == Ordered under the contract name ''Ersatz Heimdall'' as a replacement for the obsolete coastal defense ship , ''Friedrich der Grosse'' was laid down at the AG Vulcan dockyard in Hamburg on 26 January 1910. She was launched on 10 June 1911, after which AG Vulcan conducted builder's trials. At her launching ceremony, Princess Alexandra Victoria performed the christening and Field Marshal Colmar Freiherr von der Goltz gave a speech. She was then transferred to Wilhelmshaven and commissioned into the fleet on 15 October 1912. Exercises in the Baltic Sea followed; ''Friedrich der Grosse'' then went to Kiel for final fitting-out work. On 22 January 1913, the ship was finally ready for active service. She cost the German government 45,802,000 marks. ''Friedrich der Grosse'' was long overall and displaced a maximum of . The ship had a beam of and a draft of forward and aft. She was powered by three sets of AEG Curtis turbines, supplied with steam by 16 coal-fired boilers. On trials, the powerplant produced a top speed of . She carried of coal, which enabled a maximum range of at a cruising speed of . ''Friedrich der Grosse'' was protected by heavy Krupp cemented armor; the main armored belt was thick amidships and the conning tower had thick sides. The gun turrets had sides. As with the other four ships in her class, ''Friedrich der Grosse'' carried anti-torpedo nets until after the Battle of Jutland in 1916. The ship was armed with a main battery of ten 30.5 cm SK L/50 guns in five twin turrets. She disposed with the inefficient hexagonal turret arrangement of previous German battleships; instead, three of the five turrets were mounted on the centerline, with two of them arranged in a superfiring pair aft. The other two turrets were placed ''en echelon'' amidships, such that both could fire on the broadside. The ship was also armed with fourteen in casemates amidships, eight in casemates; these were removed during the war and replaced with four 8.8 cm L/45 anti-aircraft guns. Her armament was rounded out by five torpedo tubes, all mounted in the ship's hull. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SMS Friedrich der Grosse (1911)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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